(1) I. F. Stone, I. F. Stone's Weekly (9th October, 1961)
The C.I.A. is an intelligence organization run from the rather stuffy conventional wealthy businessman's point of view. It is staffed, from the top down, by Wall Streeters, Ivy League dilettantes, superannuated colonels from the armed forces and scholars, whose loyalty can be kept certified only by a fanatical anti-Communism. The main lesson of the Cuban fiasco is that an organization of this kind cannot be relied upon to know what ordinary people are thinking. But President Kennedy does not seem to have learned that lesson at all. In replacing Allen W. Dulles by John A. McCone, he picked a man who is if anything considerably less literate and less knowledgeable than Dulles, and fully as incapable of understanding the resentments and the aspirations that are the dynamic factors in today's world.
Mr McCone's rising fortunes, financial and political, have been associated with the war and the arms race. In 1937 he helped to form the Bechtel-McCone-Parsons Corporation, a construction and engineering firm. In January 1941 he organized and became the president of the California Shipbuilding Company; the Bechtel concern was then given a management contract to run the shipbuilding company. After the war the General Accounting Office told a House Merchant Marine Committee investigation that the company had made $44,000,000 on an investment of $100,000. The same committee a few months later complained that Mr McCone's company was paid $2,500,000 by the government to take over a shipyard costing $25,000,000 and containing surplus material costing $14,000,000.
Mr McCone did not confine his interests to shipbuilding. Bechtel-McCone-Parsons also built a huge installation at Birmingham, Alabama, during the war for the air force and became a leading construction firm for the A.E.C. Mr McCone also organized a private shipping company which did a big transport business for some of the largest A.E.C. contractors, firms like Union Carbide and Dow Chemical. These diverse enterprises had a common stake in armament expenditure, and Mr McCone made his debut in public service as a member of Truman's Air Policy Commission which in 1948 advocated a stepped-up indefinitely prolonged arms race. The report became the bible of the aviation lobby. His views recommended him to the alarmist Secretary of Defence Forrestal who made Mr McCone his deputy. In 1950-51 he was Under-Secretary of the Air Force.
With the Democrats out, Mr McCone returned to California and Republican politics. There his principal associations, political and religious, were of the right. He became a major money raiser for former Senator Knowland, often referred to as the Senator from Formosa, and he was close to Cardinal McIntyre of Los Angeles, not one of the more liberal members of the American hierarchy. In 1958, Admiral Strauss picked Mr McCone to succeed him as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission; they shared the same hostility to public power and to cessation of nuclear testing. At his nomination hearing, one of the exhibits was an angry letter Mr McCone had sent in 1956, as a Caltech trustee, to ten Caltech faculty members (including Harrison Brown and a Nobel laureate in physics) for releasing a statement supporting Adlai Stevenson's proposal for a ban on H-bomb testing. Mr McCone, a friend and admirer of Edward Teller, accused the ten professors of echoing Soviet propaganda in what he called an attempt `to create fear in the minds of the uninformed that radioactive fallout from H-bomb tests endangers life'.
To control the nation's intelligence is to be in a position to shape decisions of war and peace. The C.I.A. is an enormous bureaucracy, with millions at its disposal to corrupt men abroad and perhaps at home; a rival, shadow State Department with a foreign policy even less enlightened. Its network of cloak-and-dagger operatives abroad move in a murky realm where provocations can make peace untenable. The U-2 was one sample. The Joint Intelligence Board over which Mr McCone will also preside coordinates all the multifarious snooper organizations of our government - there must be half a dozen beside the C.I.A. and the F.B.I. - and also our growing para-military agencies which can engage secretly in war. Mr Kennedy could not have made a more appalling choice for so crucial a post.
(2)
David
Wise
and Thomas
Ross, Invisible
Government (1964)
Ralph E.
Casey of the General Accounting Office, a watchdog arm of the Congress,
testified in 1946 that McCone and his associates in the California
Shipbuilding Company made $44,000,000 on an investment of $100,000.
"I
daresay," Casey remarked, "that at no time in the history
of American business, whether in wartime or in peacetime, have so
few men made so much money with so little risk and all at the expense
of the taxpayers, not only of this generation but of generations
to come."
Again, McCone
denied the accusation. He insisted that the investment of California
Shipbuilding - including loans, bank credits and stock, in addition
to the cash-amounted to over $7,000,000. He also disputed Casey's
profit figures as inflated. In any event, he testified, the government
got back 95 percent of the profits in taxes.
Another
of McCone's business activities which provoked opposition was his
long relationship with the international oil industry. During the
Senate Armed Services Committee hearings on his nomination in January,
1962, McCone told of his former directorship of the Panama Pacific
Tankers Company, a large oilcarrying fleet, and of the $1,000,000
in stock he held in Standard Oil of California, which operates extensively
in the Middle East, Indonesia and Latin America.
"Every well-informed American knows," commented Senator
Joseph Clark, the Pennsylvania Democrat, "that the American
oil companies are deep in the politics of the Middle East (and)
the CIA is deep in the politics of the Middle East."
Clark opposed
McCone's appointment on the ground that his ownership of the oil
stock amounted to "a legal violation and a very unwise holding."
McCone offered to dispose of the stock but the committee refused
to consider it. From the tenor of the questioning it was clear that
the great majority of senators was not at all disturbed by McCone's
record. They were, in fact, abundantly impressed.
"I
have not had the opportunity of knowing Mr. McCone well, only through
reputation," said Senator Strom Thurmond, the South Carolina
Democrat, "but in looking over this biography, to me it epitomizes
what has made America great."
(3)
Jack
Anderson, Peace,
War, And Politics (1999)
When CIA
chief John McCone learned of the assassination, he rushed to Robert
Kennedy's home in McLean, Virginia, and stayed with him for three
hours. No one else was admitted. Even Bobby's priest was turned
away. McCone told me he gave the attorney general a routine briefing
on CIA business and swore that Castro's name never came up. Yet
McCone's agency had been trying to kill Castro, and just two months
earlier Castro had threatened to retaliate if the assassination
attempts continued. Another thing: On November 22, 1963, when I
could talk about nothing else, when my wife could talk about nothing
else, when the entire world was riveted on Dallas, the director
of the CIA claimed that he spent three hours with the brother of
the slain president and that they discussed routine CIA business.
Sources
would later tell me that McCone anguished with Bobby over the terrible
possibility that the assassination plots sanctioned by the president's
own brother may have backfired. Then the following day, McCone briefed
President Lyndon Johnson and his National Security Advisor McGeorge
Bundy. Afterward, McCone told subordinates - who later filled me
in - what happened at that meeting. The grim McCone shared with
Johnson and Bundy a dispatch from the U.S. embassy in Mexico City,
strongly suggesting that Castro was behind the assassination.
The CIA
chief put this together with what he knew of the mood in Moscow.
Nikita Khrushchev was on the ropes inside the Kremlin, humiliated
over backing down less than a year earlier during the Cuban missile
crisis. If Castro were to be accused of the Kennedy assassination,
Americans would demand revenge against Cuba, and Khrushchev would
face another Cuban crisis. He was an impulsive man who could become
dangerous if backed into a corner. McCone warned that Khrushchev
was unlikely to endure another humiliation over Cuba. This time
he might do something reckless and provoke a nuclear war, which
would cost forty million American lives. It was a staggering figure
that the new president repeated to others.
(4) Richard D. Mahoney, Sons and Brothers (1999)
Between 2 and 2.30 p.m., Bobby took a call from CIA director John McCone, who told him he would drive over from Langley. When McCone arrived, Kennedy went out on the lawn with him. "I asked McCone," Kennedy was to tell his trusted aide Walter Sheridan, "if they had killed my brother, and I asked him in a way that he couldn't lie to me." McCone was one of Bobby's closest friends in the administration, and this extraordinary question revealed a deep and terrible suspicion about the CIA, something born of some knowledge, or at least intuition, and not simply the incontinence of grief.
(5)
John A. McCone, interviewed by J.
Lee Rankin on behalf of the Warren
Commission (1964)
J. Lee Rankin: Are you familiar with the records and
how they are kept by the Central Intelligence Agency as to whether
a man is acting as an informer, agent, employee, or in any other
capacity for that Agency?
John
A. McCone:
Yes; I am generally familiar with the procedures and the records
that are maintained by the Central Intelligence Agency. Quite naturally,
I am not familiar with all of the records because they are very
extensive.
J.
Lee Rankin: Have you determined whether or not Lee Harvey Oswald,
the suspect in connection with the assassination of President Kennedy,
had any connection with the Central Intelligence Agency, informer
or indirectly as an employee, or any other capacity?
John
A. McCone: Yes; I have determined to my satisfaction that he had
no such connection...
J.
Lee Rankin: Will you tell us briefly the extent of your inquiry?
John
A. McCone: In a form of affidavit, I have gone into the matter in
considerable detail personally, in my inquiry with the appropriate
people within the Agency, examined all records in our files relating
to Lee Harvey Oswald. We had knowledge of him, of course, because
of his having gone to the Soviet Union, as he did, putting him in
a situation where his name would appear in our name file. However,
my examination has resulted in the conclusion that Lee Harvey Oswald
was not an agent, employee, or informant of the Central Intelligence
Agency. The Agency never contacted him, interviewed him, talked
with him, or received or solicited any reports or information from
him, or communicated with him directly or in any other manner. The
Agency never furnished him with any funds or money or compensated
him directly or indirectly in any fashion, and Lee Harvey Oswald
was never associated or connected directly or indirectly in any
way whatsoever with the Agency. When I use the term "Agency,"
I mean the Central Intelligence Agency, of course.
Gerald
Ford: Does that include whether or not he was in the United States,
in the Soviet Union, or anyplace?
John
A. McCone: . Anyplace; the United States, Soviet Union, or anyplace...
Gerald
Ford: Mr. McCone,
do you have full authority from higher authority to make full disclosure
to this Commission of any information in the files of the Central
Intelligence Agency?
John
A. McCone: That
is right. It is my understanding that it is the desire of higher
authority that this Commission shall have access to all information
of every nature in our files or in the minds of employees of Central
Intelligence Agency.
Gerald
Ford: On the basis
of that authority, you or the Agency have made a full disclosure?
John
A. McCone: That
is correct.
J.
Lee Rankin: Mr.
McCone, if I may return to you, I will now ask you if you have any
credible information that you know of or evidence causing you to
believe that there is any or was any conspiracy either domestic
or foreign in connection with the assassination of President Kennedy?
John
A. McCone: No;
I have no information, Mr. Rankin, that would lead me to believe
or conclude that a conspiracy existed.
Gerard Ford:
Did the CIA make an investigation of this aspect of the assassination?
John
A. McCone: We
made an investigation of all developments after the assassination
which came to our attention which might possibly have indicated
a conspiracy, and we determined after these investigations, which
were made promptly and immediately, that we had no evidence to support
such an assumption.
Gerard Ford:
Did the Central Intelligence Agency have any contact with Oswald
during the period of his life in the Soviet Union?
John
A. McCone: No;
not to my knowledge, nor to the knowledge of those who would have
been in a position to have made such contact, nor according to any
record we have.
Gerard Ford:
Did the Central Intelligence Agency have any personal contact with
Oswald subsequent to his return to the United States?
John
A. McCone: No.
J.
Lee Rankin: Mr.
McCone, your Agency made a particular investigation in connection
with any allegations about a conspiracy involving the Soviet Union
or people connected with Cuba, did you not?
John
A. McCone: Yes,
we did. We made a thorough, a very thorough, investigation of information
that came to us concerning an alleged trip that Oswald made to Mexico
City during which time he made contact with the Cuban Embassy in
Mexico City in an attempt to gain transit privileges from Mexico
City to the Soviet Union via Havana. We investigated that thoroughly.
J.
Lee Rankin: Do
you also include in your statement that you found no evidence of
conspiracy in all of that investigation?
John
A. McCone: That
is correct.
J.
Lee Rankin: And
also the investigation you made of the period that Lee Harvey Oswald
was in the Soviet Union?
John
A. McCone: That
is right.
Allen
W. Dulles:
Could I ask one question
there? Does your answer, Mr. McCone, include a negation of any belief
that Oswald was working for or on behalf of the Soviet Union at
any time when you were in contact with him or knew about his activities?
John
A. McCone: As
I have already stated, we were never in contact with Oswald. We
have no evidence that he was working for or on behalf of the Soviet
Union at any time. According to his diary, Oswald did receive a
subsidy from the Soviet Red Cross which we assume had the approval
of the authorities. Such a payment does not indicate to us that
he even worked for the Soviet intelligence services. Furthermore,
we have no other evidence that he ever worked for Soviet intelligence.
Gerard Ford:
Is the Central Intelligence Agency continuing any investigation
into this area?
John
A. McCone: No,
because, at the present time, we have no information in our files
that we have not exhaustively investigated and disposed of to our
satisfaction. Naturally, any new information that might come into
our hands would be investigated promptly.
(6)
From
CIA to USC: Political Biography of a Trustee, a leaflet
distributed by the students of the University of Southern California
(1977)
Several
attempts on Castro's life were sponsored by the CIA after McCone
took office, but no documentary evidence exists to counter his claim
that he knew nothing about it. McCone's successor Richard Helms
is skeptical of his testimony: "He was involved in this up
to his scuppers just the way everybody else was that was in it,
and... I don't understand how it was he didn't hear about some of
these things that he claims that he didn't." Perhaps McCone
also had no knowledge of the CIA's drug experiments on unsuspecting
citizens that occurred during his tenure.
The Warren
Commission investigated the assassination of Kennedy while McCone
was CIA director. There is considerable evidence that the CIA (and
FBI) obstructed certain avenues of inquiry. Apparently the Warren
Commission report turned out to the CIA's satisfaction, for in 1967
they directed their field offices to "employ propaganda assets"
to refute the report's critics.
The cover-up
continues to this day. Independent investigators of the John Kennedy
assassination have found new life and new leads in the connections
between the CIA, Howard Hughes, the Mafia, and the anti-Castro exile
community. Recent leaks from the government, on the other hand,
seem designed to place the blame on Castro. Such a second-level
cover-up appears likely, especially in light of the recent assassinations
of Sam Giancana and John Roselli (they were part of the CIA/Mafia/anti-Castro
network and were willing to talk about it), and the apparent suicide
of George de Mohrenschildt...
McCone certainly
knows more than he's telling, but he is not likely to reveal anything
voluntarily. Before resigning as CIA director, McCone attempted
to suppress the publication of The Invisible Government by
David Wise and Thomas B. Ross, two independent journalists. And
his record after leaving the directorship is hardly better...
Presently
McCone is one of the directors of the Committee on the Present Danger.
This group - a recent coalition of big-name hawks, military-industrial
complex leaders, and intelligence community academicians - is actively
lobbying against proposed cuts in military spending.
(7)
Jack
Anderson, Peace,
War and Politics: An Eyewitness Account (1999)
The CIA's Sheffield
Edwards was supposed to make the contact with the underworld. He
approached a former FBI agent and CIA operative, Robert
Maheu, who moved at the subterranean level of politics. Maheu knew
his way around the shady side of Las Vegas; he had been recruited
by billionaire Howard Hughes to oversee his Las Vegas casinos. Happily,
Hughes was a friend who owed me a favor. Intermediaries persuaded
Maheu to confide in me. He confirmed that the CIA had asked him
to sound out the Mafia, strictly off the record, about a contract
to hit Fidel Castro. Maheu had taken the request straight to Johnny
Rosselli.
Rosselli
had a reputation inside the mob as a patriot; he was quite willing
to kill for his country. But as he told me, there was an etiquette
to be followed in these matters. Santo Trafficante was the godfather-in-exile
of Cuba after Castro chased out the mob. Rosselli couldn't even
tiptoe through Trafficante's territory without permission, and he
couldn't approach Trafficante without a proper introduction. So
Rosselli prevailed upon his boss in Chicago, Sam "Momo"
Giancana, to attend to the protocol. Since Giancana had godfather
status, he could solicit Trafficante's help to eliminate Castro.
The project appealed to Giancana who had commiserated with other
dons over the loss of casino revenues in Havana. Killing Castro
for the government would settle some old scores for the mob, and
it would put Uncle Sam in the debt of the Mafia.
Maheu had
been ordered to keep a tight lid on the involvement of the U.S.
government. The CIA was ready with a cover story that the Castro
hit had been arranged by disgruntled American businessmen who had
been bounced out of their Cuban enterprises by Castro.
On September
25, I960, Maheu brought two CIA agents to a suite at the Fountainebleau
Hotel on Miami Beach. Rosselli delivered two sinister mystery men
whom he introduced only as Sicilians named "Sam" and "Joe."
In fact, they were two of the Mafia's most notorious godfathers,
Sam Giancana and Santo Trafficante, both on the FBI's ten-most-wanted
list. They discussed the terms of Castro's demise, with Giancana
suggesting that the usual mob method of a quick bullet to the head
be eschewed in favor of something more delicate, like poison.
The wily
Giancana was less interested in bumping off Castro than in scoring
points with the federal government, and he intended to call in as
many chips as he could before the game was over.
(8)
John McCone, interviewed
by Harry Kreisler ( April 21, 1988)
Harry Kreisler:
You served Eisenhower as head of the Atomic Energy Commission. Tell
us about the argument that you made during that time concerning
a possible test ban.
John McCone:
We were testing through the 1950s, and there was a demand to stop
it. In the meantime, I became chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission,
and under the Atomic Energy Act, the commission was responsible
for ensuring that we were making maximum use of our atomic resources
and that no other country was getting ahead of us. So it became
necessary for us to know what the Soviets were doing, and we made
various attempts at a treaty which would suspend nuclear tests in
the atmosphere. Everybody was in favor of it. It had to be a treaty
that could be verified.
So then
they - the Soviets - proposed a moratorium. They said that they
would not test. This was appealing to Eisenhower, but it was not
appealing to me as chairman of the commission because our resources
were detecting what they were doing. They would not guarantee against
their violation of any arrangement. We wouldn't know if they were
continuing with development tests. They were only small weapons
but large enough to advance the state of the art as far as they
were concerned. It posed a very tough argument to the president.
It was then
that I had this joint Committee on Atomic Energy up on the hill
breathing down my neck... and I couldn't say in all honesty that
the Soviets were not making advances that we couldn't make because
we were respecting this moratorium. So finally this argument was
pursued all the way through the last year of the Eisenhower administration
and on into the Kennedy administration.
Harry Kreisler:
Did the debate on the test ban involve you in further controversy?
John McCone:
In 1956, Adlai Stevenson had made a speech in San Diego in which
he advocated that the United States unilaterally abandon all testing
of nuclear devices. He was quite sure that if we did, the Soviets
would follow the lead. I violently opposed that approach because
I didn't think that the Soviets would follow. I didn't think we
had the detection devices to know whether they were following for
sure, and that became a source of argument with several of the professors
at California Institute of Technology who were supporting what Stevenson
was advocating.
(9)
John McCone, interviewed
by Harry Kreisler (April 21, 1988)
Harry Kreisler:
Would our involvement in Vietnam have taken a different course if
Kennedy had lived?
John McCone:
When Kennedy took office you will recall that he won the election
because he claimed that the Eisenhower administration had been weak
on communism and weak in the treatment of Castro and so forth. So
the first thing Kennedy did was to send a couple of men to Vietnam
to survey the situation. They came back with the recommendation
that the military assistance group be increased from 800 to 25,000.
That was the start of our involvement. Kennedy, I believe, realized
he'd made a mistake because 25,000 US military in a country such
as South Vietnam means that the responsibility for the war flows
to (the US military) and out of the hands of the South Vietnamese.
So Kennedy, in the weeks prior to his death, realized that we had
gone overboard and actually was in the process of withdrawing when
he was killed and Johnson took over.
Harry Kreisler:
So you really believe Kennedy would have made a difference?
John McCone:
Very much so.
Harry Kreisler:
Was his finest hour the Cuban Missile Crisis?
John McCone:
He handled the Cuban Missile Crisis with a great deal of skill in
my opinion. He was determined that those missiles would not be a
threat to the United States. He would destroy them and have them
removed irrespective of the consequences, but he always insisted
on a gradual approach giving Khrushchev the opportunity to back
down, which he finally did. But in order to accomplish this objective,
he had to design a plan which would not be so provocative that it
would have involved us in a war with the Soviet Union.
Some examples
of that were the fact that he proceeded day after day up to a point
where he was told by the intelligence people that he had only forty-eight
hours to get rid of the missiles or they'd be ready for action against
the United States. Then he ordered the action, but in doing so informed
the Soviets of what he was going to do, and they immediately withdrew.
He did not place a blockade on Cuba because that would have been
an act of war. So he devised a quarantine which had the same effect
as a blockade, but it was not an act of war.
It was an
indication of his cautious but determined approach. Looking back
on it, I have great respect for him, for his judgment, in the way
he handled that particular problem. Now there are a number of critics
who will say that he missed an opportunity to get rid of Castro.
But to do that would have required action and would have spilled
a great deal of Soviet blood, because there were 16,000 Soviet military
in Cuba at the time and they would have retaliated in a variety
of ways - taking over Berlin. There were countless opportunities
for them. He was aware of that. So I believe he reached a very satisfactory
answer. I think the critics did not evaluate the consequences of
a different and more severe course of action had he decided upon
it.
Harry Kreisler:
Do you think that our understanding of the Soviets behavior has
held up through time?
John McCone:
I think that for a number of years the Soviets had suffered under
the delusion of being attacked, and that we possessed access to
property in their vicinity where we could place missiles that could
do very, very serious damage to them. Italy, Turkey, England - those
are just three of the locations. And they had no real estate where
they could place missiles that would damage us but could not be
turned around to damage them. That was why they followed a policy
of never deploying their short-range missiles in their satellites:
they were never sure that the satellites wouldn't take the missiles
away from their protective military people and turn them on Moscow.
Now Cuba
was the first and the only piece of real estate where they had that
luxury. Khrushchev wanted to take advantage of that. Well, I think
he had other purposes, too. He thought he could sneak those missiles
in in secrecy. Then he was to make a speech in two weeks in early
November at the General Assembly of the United Nations, and he could
announce that he had his guns trained on the United States and they
couldn't do anything about it, which was quite immature. This is
what I think now. There's just as many opinions as there are people
you might speak to on the subject.
Harry Kreisler:
Secretary of State Rusk has revealed that President Kennedy would
have been willing - if Khrushchev had not given in sooner in the
crisis - to promise publicly to remove our missiles from Turkey.
Do you have any comments on Rusk's revelation?
John McCone:
President Kennedy and Attorney General Bobby Kennedy insisted that
they at no time discussed the missiles in either Italy or Turkey
with any representatives of the Soviets and that there was no such
deal ever made.
Harry Kreisler:
The Russians have alleged that Khrushchev was very concerned about
a possible American invasion of Cuba. Do you have any thoughts on
that Soviet claim?
John McCone:
Yes. He was concerned about an American invasion of Cuba for the
reason that there were strong forces in the United States that wanted
to get rid of Castro. As long as Castro was a loose card, and was
moving continually in the direction of the Soviets and away from
us, it became obvious to a great many people that there was danger
there. And indeed there was.
Harry Kreisler:
You mentioned once that very early in the crisis you had a hunch
that something was up.
John McCone:
I thought that a year or more before.
Harry Kreisler:
Why?
John McCone:
Because Cuba was the only piece of real estate that fell into the
hands of the Soviets where they could put a nuclear missile, short-range
or intermediate-range, that could reach the United States but would
not reach the Soviet Union. Now, on the other hand, we could put
missiles in England or Italy or Turkey or Greece that could reach
the Soviet Union but could not reach us. I thought this even before
I became associated with the CIA at all. I mentioned it to John
Foster Dulles as a reason why he should tread cautiously about disassociating
the United States from Castro. Whereas Castro obviously would turn
to the Soviet Union, and it would give the Soviet Union access to
a valuable piece of real estate. That was with me for a long time.
Harry Kreisler:
So it was a move you expected?
John McCone:
Yes. I didn't like to see possession of Cuba fall into the hands
of the Soviets. Then when I saw these other actions - this parade
of ships from the Baltic in the North Sea heading toward Cuba, after
the Soviets had equipped their 15,000 to 16,000 men with all the
ordnance equipment that they needed to deploy surface-to-air missiles.
Here is where I had to lean upon intuitive judgment, because I couldn't
understand why these ships were coming unless they had missiles
on them. Everything else was there. But that was an intuitive judgment.
There was no hard intelligence because the missiles were on the
ships, and an agent couldn't see them until they had been off-loaded.
Harry Kreisler:
The record of the Church Committee suggests that the Kennedys were
very focused on doing something about Castro. Any comments on that
record?
John McCone:
Well, you don't have to go to the Church Committee. All you have
to do is go to the campaign that President Kennedy used when he
was getting elected. He was campaigning against Nixon on the basis
that the Eisenhower administration, in which Nixon was the vice-president,
had been soft on Castro, and had been soft on communism elsewhere.
So this was carrying out his campaign pledge to do something about
Castro and Cuba.
(10) Ray S. Cline, Secrets, Spies and Scholars: Blueprint of the Essential CIA (1976)
After a decent interval, to all appearances without vindictive feelings toward either Dulles or Bissell, Kennedy set out to restructure the high command at CIA. For a brief period during 1962 and 1963 CIA operated at its peak performance level in the way that its functional responsibilities called for, with greater emphasis on intelligence analysis and estimates and an attempt at greater circumspection and tighter control in covert action. The key to success was Kennedy's appointment of a new Director of Central Intelligence, John A. McCone, in November 1961. It was a bold move by Kennedy to pick McCone, an active Republican and a businessman turned government administrator, rather than someone with experience in intelligence. It turned out well.
CIA needed a man with personal political stature to represent it at the highest levels in the White House and in Congress, especially in the dark days after the Bay of Pig. McCone was an engineer who had made a fortune in construction and shipbuilding enterprises. He was well acquainted in private industry and, in addition, had earned respect as a public servant by working first as Under Secretary of the Air Force and later as Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission. He had great energy and - above all - the inquiring, skeptical turn of mind of the good intelligence officer. He is the only DCI who ever took his role of providing substantive intelligence analysis and estimates to the President as his first priority job, and the only one who considered his duties as coordinating supervisor of the whole intelligence community to be a more important responsibility than CIA's own clandestine and covert programs. Kennedy gave him a letter of instructions on January 16, 1962 designating him as the "government's principal foreign intelligence officer" with a charge to "assure the proper coordination, correlation, and evaluation of intelligence from all sources and its prompt dissemination. . . ." It also tasked him with "coordination and effective guidance of the total U.S. foreign intelligence effort."
McCone tried to live up to this heavy responsibility and came closer to discharging it than anyone else. He hated being called a "spymaster," as he often was in press comments echoing the Dulles tradition. In collection efforts he took primary interest in the technical programs, especially the rapidly expanding satellite photo systems. Covert actions were small in scale and quietly carried out in this period and agent collection was recognized as a useful but intricate job best left to Dick Helms and his professional staff, provided they could answer McCone's occasional barrage of questions.
(11)
John Simkin,
JFK
Assassination Forum (25th June, 2004)
I thought
it might be a good idea to start a thread where we vote and speculate
on who killed JFK. I will start the ball by suggesting the Military
Industrial Complex. The operation was a complete success and the
group achieved all its objectives. This includes the cover up that
involved the implication of several groups and individuals in the
plot. One reason for this was to guarantee the help of these individuals
and groups in the cover up. This involved implicating LBJ, the CIA,
the FBI and the Secret Service. It also involved implicating the
Kennedy brothers in other terrible events. This ensured that the
Kennedy family and its close associates joined in the cover up.
This cover up included both the Warren Commission and the House
Select Committee of Assassinations (this involved a change in tactics
with the finger now being pointed at the Mafia).
It also
included a far more sinister cover up that will have long term implications
for the history of the world. I believe that the CIA and FBI were
involved in destroying a large number of documents relating to the
assassination in November and December, 1963. These were replaced
with false documents that have yet to be released. These documents
will only become available when all those who are referred to are
dead. These documents, because of the fact they have been held back,
will be believed to be genuine. They will do two things: (1) They
will show that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone gunman. (2) They will
link the Kennedy brothers with a series of crimes and wrongdoings,
including the murder of Marilyn Monroe. Others smeared will be those
associated with what the Military Industrial Complex would refer
to as dangerous radicals (Martin Luther King, etc.)
I believe
that the people behind the assassination were representatives of
what Eisenhower called the Military Industrial Complex. The main
objective was to ensure the continuance of the Cold War. To achieve
this they had the convince the American public that they faced a
real communist threat. The presence of a revolutionary communist
government on its doorstep (Cuba) was permanent evidence of this.
So also was the presence of WMD in the Soviet Union and China. As
in Iraq, we now know the CIA and MI5 exaggerated this threat.
Therefore
we have to identify the representatives of the Military Industrial
Complex in the government. Their main man was John McCone, Director
of the CIA. That is not to say that the assassination of JFK was
a CIA operation (although it did use a CIA agent, David Morales,
to organize the assassination).
McCone is
a classical case of a representative of the Military Industrial
Complex. The owner of a small engineering company before the war,
between 1942-45 his new company, California Shipbuilding, made $44
million in profits from an investment of $100,000.
After the
war McCone was brought into the government and served as Deputy
to the Secretary of Defense (1948) and Under Secretary of the Air
Force (1950-1951). What did he know about these matters? Only that
it was in the best interests of MIC to spend increasing amounts
of money on the arms trade. McCone was an ardent Cold War warrior
and in 1956 attacked the suggestion made by Adlai Stevenson that
there should be a nuclear test ban. McCone accused American scientists
of being "taken in" by Soviet propaganda and of attempting
to "create fear in the minds of the uninformed that radioactive
fallout from H-bomb tests endangers life." Read that quote
again if you did not get it the first time. Now that is what I call
disinformation.
