| Chronology
of the Spanish Civil War |
Date |
| The
Spanish dictator, Miguel Primo de Rivera
is forced to resign. |
28th
January, 1930 |
| Second
Spanish Republic proclaimed and Alfonso
XIII
goes into exile. |
14th
April, 1931 |
| New
government announces the end to compulsory education in schools. |
6th
May, 1931 |
| Electoral
law is revised to permit women to vote. |
8th
May, 1931 |
| Manuel
Azaña, Minister of War, announces massive cuts in the
size of the Spanish Army. |
25th
May, 1931 |
| Cortes
approves the legalization of divorce. |
17th
October, 1931 |
| Niceto
Zamora resigned as prime minister and is replaced by Manuel
Azaña. |
16th
October, 1931 |
| Niceto
Zamora elected president of the Second Spanish Republic. |
11th
December, 1931 |
| General
Jose Sanjurjo leads a military uprising
against the government. |
10th
August, 1932 |
| Anarchist
uprisings in Saragossa, Seville, Bilbao and Madrid. |
8th
January, 1933 |
| Gil
Robles forms the Catholic Party (CEDA). |
28th
February, 1933 |
| José
Antonio Primo de Rivera establishes the Falange
Española. |
29th
October, 1933 |
| Spanish
right-wing parties win general election over a divided left. |
19th
November, 1933 |
| Anarchist
uprisings in Catalonia and Aragon. |
2nd
December, 1933 |
| General
Jose Sanjurjo granted amnesty. |
20th
April, 1934 |
| Manuel
Azaña is arrested and interned in Barcelona. |
7th
October, 1934 |
| Tribunal
of Constitutional Guarantees acquit Manuel
Azaña. |
6th
April, 1935 |
| Andres
Nin and
Joaquin Maurin
creates the Workers
Party of Marxist Unification (POUM). |
September,
1935 |
| Francisco
Largo Caballero is replaced by Indalecio
Prieto as
head of the Socialist Party. |
20th
December, 1935 |
| An
electoral pact is signed by the Socialist
Party and Communist Party.
|
11th
January 1936 |
| Manuel
Azaña organizes the formation of the Popular
Front. |
15th
January 1936 |
| Popular
Front win
general election in Spain. |
16th
February, 1936 |
| President
Niceto Alcalá Zamora appoints
Manuel Azaña as prime minister.
|
19th
February, 1936 |
| The
Cortes grants an amnesty to all those
in Spain charged with insurrection. |
21st
February, 1936 |
| General
Francisco
Franco
is relieved of his command and sent to the Canary Islands. |
22nd
February, 1936 |
| Falange
Espanola offices in Madrid are
closed down. |
27th
February, 1936 |
| Francisco
Franco,
Emilio Mola, Juan
Yague and
José Sanjurjo meet to discuss
tactics. |
28th
February, 1936 |
| General
Emilio Mola is relieved of his command
and sent to Pamplona. |
28th
February, 1936 |
|
Falange Espanola is banned by Popular
Front government. |
14th
March, 1936 |
| José
Antonio Primo de Rivera is arrested
and charged with trafficking illegal arms. |
14th
March, 1936 |
| Manuel
Azaña presents details of his reform legislation. |
4th
April, 1936 |
| Niceto
Alcalá Zamora is
deposed as president of the Spanish Republic. |
7th
April, 1936 |
| Emilio
Mola meets Gonzalo
Queipo de Llano to
discuss the possibility of a military uprising. |
13th
April, 1936 |
| The
Cortes makes it illegal for military
officers to attend secret political meetings. |
18th
April, 1936 |
| Manuel
Azaña elected as president of the Spanish Republic. |
8th
May, 1936 |
| Indalecio
Prieto refuses
the post of prime minister. |
8th
May, 1936 |
| To
protect them from arsonist attacks the government orders the closing
of Catholic schools. |
20th
May, 1936 |
| José
Antonio Primo de Rivera is sentenced
to five months in prison with trafficking arms. |
28th
May, 1936 |
| Civil
Guard suppresses a left-wing rally at Yeste and kills nineteen
people in the process. |
28th
May, 1936 |
| Indalecio
Prieto is
shot during a socialist rally at Ecija. |
31st
May, 1936 |
| The
Cortes passes legislation that protects
agricultural tenants from eviction. |
2nd
June, 1936 |
| Over
a million workers are on strike in Spain. |
9th
June, 1936 |
| Luis
Bolin arranges for Francisco
Franco to
be flown to Morocco.
|
6th
July, 1936 |
| José
Castillo, an officer in Republican Assault
Guards, is asssassinated by Falangists. |
12th
July, 1936 |
| Monarchist
leader, José
Calvo Sotelo is murdered in revenge
for Castillo's death. |
13th
July, 1936 |
| Successful
military uprising in Morocco and Seville. |
18th
July, 1936 |
|
General
Francisco
Franco issues
manifesto that seeks to justify rebellion.
|
18th
July, 1936 |
| Dolores
Ibarruri makes
her "No Pasaran" radio speech. |
18th
July, 1936 |
| General
Jose Sanjurjo killed in air crash. |
20th
July, 1936 |
| British
Labour Party expresses its support for
Popular Front government. |
20th
July, 1936 |
| José
Giral, the Spanish prime minister, appeals to the French government
for arms. |
20th
July, 1936 |
| General
Emilio Mola establishes a Committee of
National Defence. |
24th
July, 1936 |
| Antifascist
Miltias Committee establish the Anarchist
Brigade. |
24th
July, 1936 |
| Rebel
forces capture Granada. |
24th
July, 1936 |
| Adolf
Hitler agrees to give military aid to General Francisco
Franco.
|
26th
July, 1936 |
| Comintern
agrees to
establish International Brigades.
|
26th
July, 1936 |
| German
aircraft arrive in Morocco
and begins
transporting Nationalist troops to Spain. |
28th
July, 1936 |
| Nine
Italian bombers arrive in Morocco. |
30th
July, 1936 |
| Leon
Blum
announces France's
policy of non-intervention in Spanish
Civil War. |
2nd
August, 1936 |
| General
Francisco
Franco
and the Nationalist Army
captures Badajoz. |
4th
August, 1936 |
| General
Francisco
Franco
establishes his headquarters in Seville. |
6th
August, 1936 |
| France
closes its border and stops volunteers crossing into Spain. |
8th
August, 1936 |
| Indalecio
Prieto appeals
on radio for an end to the Red Terror. |
10th
August, 1936 |
| The
first International Brigades
volunteers reach Spain. |
12th
August, 1936 |
| Nationalists
massacre Republicans in Badajoz. |
14th
August, 1936 |
| Stanley
Baldwin announces
ban on the export of arms to Spain. |
15th
August, 1936 |
| Federico
Garcia Lorca is murdered by Falangist
in Viznar. |
19th
August, 1936 |
| Nationalist
authorities introduce conscription. |
26th
August, 1936 |
| Nationalist
forces bomb Madrid
for the first time. |
28th
August, 1936 |
| Francisco
Largo Caballero forms new Republican government. |
4th
September, 1936 |
| Nationalist
Army take Irun and close the border with France. |
5th
September, 1936 |
| José
Aguirre forms an autonomous
Basque government. |
7th
September, 1936 |
| Representatives
of 27 countries form Non-Intervention Committee in London. |
9th
September, 1936 |
| Alexander
Orlov of the NKVD
arrives in Spain. |
9th
September, 1936 |
| Nationalist
generals select Francisco Franco to
become chief of state. |
21st
September, 1936 |
| Alvarez
del Vayo pleads the
Republic's case at the League of Nations. |
25th
September, 1936 |
| Republican
goventment approves Basque autonomy. |
1st
October, 1936 |
|
Francisco Franco first cabinet includes
his brother, three generals and a diplomat. |
3rd
October, 1936 |
| 650
members of the International
Brigades arrive
at Alicante. |
9th
October, 1936 |
| The
first aid from the Soviet Union arrives
in Spain. |
12th
October, 1936 |
| General
José
Miaja placed
in charge of the defence of Madrid. |
22nd
October, 1936 |
| 510
tons of gold from the Bank of Spain is sent to the Soviet
Union. |
25th
October, 1936 |
| Nationalist
troops reach the western and southern suburbs of Madrid. |
1st
November 1936 |
| Brunete
captured by the Nationalist
Army. |
2nd
November 1936 |
| Nationalist
forces begin siege of Madrid.
|
6th
November, 1936 |
| Republican
government moves from Madrid
to Valencia. |
6th
November, 1936 |
| International
Brigades and peoples' militias repulse Nationalist assault
on Madrid. |
8th
November, 1936 |
| Non-Intervention
Committee concludes
that there is no evidence of foreign intervention in Spain. |
10th
November, 1936 |
| Buenaventura
Durruti
arrives in Madrid with his Anarchist
Brigade.
|
14th
November, 1936 |
| Condor
Legion, a squadron of the Luftwaffe,
in action for the first time. |
15th
November, 1936 |
| Adolf
Hitler and Benito
Mussolini
recognise Franco's
regime. |
18th
November, 1936 |
| Buenaventura
Durruti
killed while defending Madrid.
|
19th
November, 1936 |
| Miguel
Primo de Rivera,
leader of the Falange Española,
executed in Alicante. |
20th
November, 1936 |
| Nationalists
attempted to cut the Madrid-La Coruna road to the north-east of
Madrid. |
13th
December 1936 |
| Andres
Nin
is ousted from the government. |
16th
December, 1936 |
| Communists
insist on the removal of the POUM from
the Catalan government. |
17th
December, 1936 |
| Volunteers
from Italy arrive in Spain
to fight for the Nationalists. |
22nd
December, 1936 |
| President
Franklin D. Roosevelt bans
the export of arms to Spain. |
6th
January, 1937 |
| An
anarchist rising in Bilbao is repressed.
|
12th
January, 1937 |
| The
FAL and POUM
demonstrate in Barcelona in favour of social revolution. |
14th
January, 1937 |
| General
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano and Nationalist
Army take
Malaga. |
8th
February, 1937 |
| The
International Brigades
halt the Nationalist
advance at Jarama. |
12th
February, 1937 |
| The
Communist Party Congress demands
that the POUM be elimated. |
5th
March, 1937 |
| Italian
Corps take
Guadalajara. |
8th
March, 1937 |
| The
Republican Army defeats
the Italian Corps outside Madrid. |
18th
March, 1937 |
| General
Emilio Mola opens the Nationalist offensive
in the Basque region. |
30th
March, 1937 |
| Francisco
Franco
unites the Falange Espanola with the
Carlists to form a single party. |
19th
April, 1937 |
| The
Condor Legion bombs Guernica,
the Basque capital in Northern Spain. |
26th
April, 1937 |
| Anarchists
and Syndicalists revolt in Barcelona
against the authoritarian rule of government. |
3rd
May, 1937 |
| Francisco
Largo Caballero
dispatches Assault
Guard to Barcelona. |
5th
May, 1937 |
| Uprising
in Barcelona suppressed by the Republican
Army. |
10th
May, 1937 |
| Francisco
Largo Caballero is replaced by Juan
Negrin as
head of the Republican government. |
17th
May, 1937 |
| General
Emilio Mola killed in air crash. |
3rd
June, 1937 |
| Juan
Negrin outlaws
POUM. |
16th
June, 1937 |
| Andres
Nin
is arrested and charged with conspiring with General Francisco
Franco. |
16th
June, 1937 |
| Nationalist
Army captures Bilbao. |
19th
June, 1937 |
| Andres
Nin,
leader of POUM, is murdered by agents from
the Soviet Union. |
20th
June, 1937 |
| Paul
Robeson makes
important speech on the war at the Albert Hall in London. |
24th
June, 1937 |
|
Nationalist forces take Santander. |
26th
June, 1937 |
| General
Vicente Rojo launches
attack at Brunete. |
6th
July, 1937 |
| The
anarchist-dominayed Council of Aragón
is
dissolved by Juan
Negrin.
|
10th
August, 1937 |
| Nationalist
Army captures the north-coast port of Santander. |
25th
August, 1937 |
| Nationalists
bomb Madrid
for the first
time. |
28th
August, 1937 |
| The
Vatican recognise Franco's regime. |
28th
August, 1937 |
| Republican
forces capture Belchite.
|
1st
October, 1937 |
| Francisco
Largo Caballero announces his opposition to Juan
Negrin. |
17th
October, 1937 |
| Republican
government moves from Valencia to Barcelona.
|
28th
October, 1937 |
| The
CNT withdraws from the Popular
Front government. |
12th
November, 1937 |
| Nationalist
aircraft bombs Barcelona. |
8th
December, 1937 |
| Republican
Army launch an offensive at Aragon.
|
14th
December, 1937 |
| Republican
Army capture the city of Teruel
from the Nationalists. |
9th
January, 1938 |
| General
Francisco
Franco includes
first civilians in his government. |
30th
January, 1938 |
| Nationalist
Army recaptures Teruel. |
22nd
February, 1938 |
| Italian
airforce starts bombing Barcelona. |
16th
March, 1938 |
| Leon
Blum,
back in power again in France, reopens
the border with Spain. |
17th
March, 1938 |
| Indalecio
Prieto calls
for the start of peace negotiations. |
28th
March, 1938 |
| Juan
Negrin
sacks Indalecio
Prieto as
war minister. |
5th
April, 1938 |
| Nationalist
Army captures the Republican town of Vinaroz. |
15th
April, 1938 |
| Juan
Negrin
proposes a thirteen-point peace terms. |
1st
May, 1938 |
| Leon
Blum
resigns and
France's border with Spain is closed again. |
21st
June, 1938 |
| 80,000
Republican troops begin crossing the River
Ebro. |
25th
July, 1938 |
| Nationalist
Army break through Republican lines at Gandesa. |
3rd
September, 1938 |
| Juan
Negrin announces
the proposed withdrawal of the International
Brigades from
Spain. |
21st
September, 1938 |
| All
foreign troops fighting for the Republican
Army leave
the frontline. |
4th
October, 1938 |
| Trial
of POUM
leaders
starts in Barcelona. |
28th
October, 1938 |
| International
Brigades parade
through the streets of Barcelona. |
15th
November, 1938 |
| Nationalist
Army win victory at River Ebro. |
16th
November, 1938 |
| Francisco
Franco
grants mining concessions to Germany
in return for military aid. |
19th
November, 1938 |
| Juan
Negrin
moves his government from Barcelona to Figueras. |
25th
January, 1939 |
| Barcelona
captured by the Nationalists. |
26th
January, 1939 |
| President
Manuel
Azaña crosses
the border into exile. |
4th
February, 1939 |
| Neville
Chamberlain
recognizes General Franco's government. |
27th
February, 1939 |
| Juan
Negrin
attempts to form a communist government on the territory he controls. |
4th
March, 1939 |
| Segismundo
Casado
and Julián Besteiro
establish anti-Negrin
National Defence Junta. |
4th
March, 1939 |
| José
Miaja, Republican commander in Madrid
joins
anti-Negrin National Defence Junta. |
6th
March, 1939 |
| Luis
Barceló, Republican commander
of the First Corps, attempts to retake Madrid. |
7th
March, 1939 |
| Communist
forces defeated in Madrid. |
8th
March, 1939 |
| Juan
Negrin and his Soviet advisers fly out of Spain. |
12th
March, 1939 |
| Nationalist
Army enters Madrid
after a siege of nearly three years. |
27th
March, 1939 |
| Nationalist
Army captures Valencia. |
30th
March, 1939 |
| Francisco
Franco
announces the end of the Spanish Civil War. |
1st
April, 1939 |
