The
gate of Dawn (Ausros Vartai) was built in the 15th century as a city
gate leading to the village Medininkai south of Vilnius (on the road
to Minsk in Belarus). The gate is the only one out of nine, remaining
undestroyed by wars. In 1671 the Carmelites from the neighbouring
St. Theresa's Church built a chapel above the gate to house a holy
image of the Virgin Mary, the White Madonna, said to have miraculous
powers. Thousands of votive offerings decorate the walls and many
pilgrims come to pray, queuing up on the stairs which were installed
in the 18th century to connect the chapel to the adjacent Church of
St. Theresa. Mass is said in both Polish and Lithuanian.
At the beginning of the
16th century, Vilnius was surrounded by a brick and stonewall with
nine gates. The most representative was the Gate of Dawn (or Medininkai),
the road, through which (by streets of Ausros Vartai, Didzioji, Pilies)
led straight to the Palace of Grand Dukes next to the Cathedral. Usually,
the town gates had chapels in them, filled with religious pictures
that were meant to protect the city from enemies and to bless people
leaving the town. The chapel in the Gate of Dawn contains a famous
miraculous picture "The Blessed Virgin Mary Mother of Mercy",
which makes it very eminent. Today this is the only gate survived
of all towns' gates.
On September 4, 1993 Pope
John Paul II offered prayers at the Gate of Dawn Chapel. Church festival
of the Blessed Virgin Mary Mother of Mercy is of utmost importance
in the archdiocese of Vilnius and celebrated in the third week of
November. The holiday of the Gate of Dawn Mother of Mercy is on November
The history of Europe is
filled with epic battles, brave campaigns, and tales of warriors performing
heroic deeds. And for every warrior who took up a blade, there was
a city that needed a way to defend itself. That's why so many of the
continent's historic cities are ringed by fortress walls, and many
times, architectural gems like fortress gates. This particular gate
was built in the 15th century as a way to let people out of the city
of Vilnius so they could trade with Medininkai Castle, and farther
lands. It was also designed to keep undesirables out. It is the only
one of the city's gates still standing. Perhaps it is protected by
the fact that a chapel has been constructed above the portal. The
chapel is a popular tourist destination because it is the home of
the "White Madonna" - a Renaissance-era painting that is
said to possess healing power.
Above the gate is a shrine
containing an image of the Virgin, long an object of pilgrimage.