Pat McCarran was the chairman of the
Senate Internal Security Subcommittee that investigated the administrations
headed by Franklin D. Roosevelt and
Harry S. Truman. In September 1950 he
was the chief sponsor of the Internal Security
Act. This legislation required registration with the Attorney
General of the American Communist Party
and affiliated organizations.
In June, 1952, Pat McCarran and Francis
Walter instigated the passing of the McCarran-Walter Act that
imposed more rigid restrictions on entry quotas to the United States.
It also stiffened the existing law relating to the admission, exclusion
and deportation of dangerous aliens as defined in the Internal
Security Act.
(1)
Stetson Kennedy, I Rode With
the Ku Klux Klan (1954)
Another signal for the Ku Klux Klan ideology is represented by
the McCarran Immigration Act. sponsored by Republican Senator Pat
McCarron - who is also the author of the U.S.A.'s concentration camplaw
- and Republican Congressman Francis Walter, the new law bars coloured
races almost entirely, while favouring immigration by north Europeans.
Instead of working for repeal of this racist law, Eisenhower has asked
for special quotas to let in migrants from eastern Europe, most of
whom are diehard German Nazis.
(2)
Emanuel
Celler, speech
in the Senate in 1948.
The Immigration Act of 1924, establishing
the annual quotas for countries based on a computation of approximately
one-sixth of one per cent, presumably reflects composition of national
origin of the inhabitants of the country in the year 1920. Due to
the rigidity of our quota system, during the twenty-seven years the
present quota law has been in effect, only forty-four per cent of
the possible quota immigrants have actually been admitted. Of the
total number of 154,000 annual quotas permitted under the law, 65,700
are allotted to Great Britain; 25,900 to Germany; and 17,800 to Ireland.
Every other country having a quota is accorded a quota allotment of
less than 7,000. This startling discrimination against central, eastern
and southern Europe points out the gap between what we say and what
we do. On the one hand we publicly pronounce the equality of all peoples,
discarding all racialistic theories; on the other hand, in our immigration
laws, we embrace in practice these very theories we abhor and verbally
condemn. In the meantime, because Great Britain and Ireland barely
use the quota allotment, a large percentage of the 154,000 annual
quotas go to waste each year. They are non-transferable. The simple,
practical solution - which it seems to me could easily be adopted
without even going so far as to disturb the national origin system
be to take the unused quotas and distribute them among countries with
less than 7,000 quota allotments in the same proportion as they bear
to the total quota pie.
It is important that we
do so in terms of our own productivity and growth. If we take a long-range
view of the position of the United States in the world, we must recognize
that our rapid rise to world power during our 176-year history was
based upon our population growth from four million to one hundred
and fifty million, and this growth was largely the result of immigration.
In the years ahead our population is headed for a stable plateau which
means an aging population; that is, fewer young persons and more old
persons proportionately in the total population. The rate of population
growth in the United States is slightly below that required to reproduce
itself. The American rate between 1933 and 1939 was 0.96. Compare
that with the rate of Russia alone, which was 1.70. The population
forecast for the United States in 1970 is 170 million people. The
population forecast for Russia alone in 1970 is 251 million. The implications
are clear.
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